DIN 11850 X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301); 304; X2CrNi 18-9 (1.4307); 304L; X2CrNiMO17-12 (1.4404); 316L Stainless Steel Tubes For The Chemical Industries
Introduction
Stainless steel tubes play a crucial role in various industries, especially in the chemical sector. DIN 11850 X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301), 304, X2CrNi 18-9 (1.4307), 304L, X2CrNiMO17-12 (1.4404), and 316L are popular stainless steel grades used in the manufacturing of tubes for chemical applications. This article will delve into the material, specifications, key features, chemical composition, mechanical properties, steel grade, applications, and possible alternative grades of these stainless steel tubes.
Material and Specification
The DIN 11850 X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301), 304, X2CrNi 18-9 (1.4307), 304L, X2CrNiMO17-12 (1.4404), and 316L stainless steel tubes conform to the DIN 11850 standard. This standard specifies the dimensions, tolerances, and technical conditions of stainless steel tubes used in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries.
Key Features
- Corrosion Resistance: These stainless steel tubes exhibit excellent resistance to corrosion, making them ideal for chemical applications where exposure to corrosive substances is common.
- High Strength: The tubes possess high strength, ensuring durability and reliability in demanding environments.
- Hygienic Properties: Stainless steel is known for its hygienic properties, making it suitable for applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
- Easy Maintenance: The tubes are easy to clean and maintain, reducing downtime and ensuring efficient operation.
Chemical Composition
| Grade | C (%) | Si (%) | Mn (%) | P (%) | S (%) | Cr (%) | Ni (%) | Mo (%) |
| X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301) | 0.07 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.015 | 17.5-19.5 | 8.0-10.5 | - |
| 304 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-10.5 | - |
| X2CrNi 18-9 (1.4307) | 0.03 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.015 | 17.5-19.5 | 8.0-10.5 | - |
| 304L | 0.03 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-12.0 | - |
| X2CrNiMO17-12 (1.4404) | 0.03 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.015 | 16.5-18.5 | 10.0-13.0 | 2.0-2.5 |
| 316L | 0.03 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 |
Mechanical Properties
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) |
| X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301) | ≥ 500 | ≥ 195 | ≥ 40 | ≤ 215 |
| 304 | ≥ 515 | ≥ 205 | ≥ 40 | ≤ 215 |
| X2CrNi 18-9 (1.4307) | ≥ 500 | ≥ 195 | ≥ 40 | ≤ 215 |
| 304L | ≥ 485 | ≥ 170 | ≥ 40 | ≤ 215 |
| X2CrNiMO17-12 (1.4404) | ≥ 515 | ≥ 205 | ≥ 40 | ≤ 215 |
| 316L | ≥ 485 | ≥ 170 | ≥ 40 | ≤ 215 |
Steel Grade
The steel grades mentioned, including DIN 11850 X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301), 304, X2CrNi 18-9 (1.4307), 304L, X2CrNiMO17-12 (1.4404), and 316L, are austenitic stainless steels. These grades are widely used due to their excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and versatility.
Application
Stainless steel tubes conforming to DIN 11850 X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301), 304, X2CrNi 18-9 (1.4307), 304L, X2CrNiMO17-12 (1.4404), and 316L find extensive application in the chemical industry. They are used for the transportation of various chemicals, acids, and corrosive substances. These tubes are also employed in the food, pharmaceutical, and petrochemical industries due to their hygienic properties and resistance to corrosion.
Possible Alternative Grades
While DIN 11850 X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301), 304, X2CrNi 18-9 (1.4307), 304L, X2CrNiMO17-12 (1.4404), and 316L are widely used stainless steel grades, there are alternative grades available for specific applications. Some possible alternatives include:
- 321 Stainless Steel: Offers improved high-temperature strength and resistance to intergranular corrosion.
- 904L Stainless Steel: Provides excellent resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking.
- 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel: Combines high strength with improved resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion.
- 317L Stainless Steel: Offers enhanced resistance to sulfuric acid and other aggressive chemicals.
When selecting an alternative grade, it is crucial to consider the specific requirements of the application and consult with materials experts to ensure the best choice for the intended use.
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